Quick definition

• Honne (本音): true feelings, opinions, desires.
• Tatemae (建前): socially acceptable expression or public stance.

Nuance & origin

• Honne = “true sound.”
• Tatemae = “built in front,” like a facade of a house.
• Reflects Japan’s collectivist culture, where maintaining harmony often takes precedence over blunt honesty.

Common misconceptions

• Not hypocrisy—Tatemae supports harmony, not deception.
• Not lying—Honne and Tatemae can both be authentic in context.

Why it matters for leaders

• Helps interpret subtle cues in meetings.
• Supports deeper trust and authentic communication.
• Reduces risk of miscommunication or failed negotiations.

How to apply (for global leaders)

1. Listen beyond words—observe non-verbal cues.
2. Foster psychological safety for expressing Honne.
3. Clarify privately with open-ended questions.
4. Respect Tatemae as a harmony-preserving tool.
5. Balance openness with diplomacy.

Leader’s prompts

• What concerns might not be voiced openly?
• How can I create safe spaces for Honne?

Related terms

• Wa (和): harmony in social relations.
• Nemawashi (根回し): groundwork for surfacing Honne.
• Face-saving: Western equivalent, though less nuanced.